Căușeni District

Căuşeni is a district (Moldovan: raion) in the central part of Moldova, with the administrative center at Căuşeni. The other major city is Căinari. As of January 1, 2011, its population was 92,300.

History

Location of the earliest documentary attestation, the district is Căuşeni, first attested in 1455. Other localities with the earliest documentary attestation are: Zaim, Cîrnăţeni, Fîrlădeni, localities approved for the first time in the period 1535-1573. In the 16th-18th centuries, develop intense agriculture, an important wine-making industries and population growth attests. In 1761 is built in Căuşeni city, Assumption Church, inside painted frescoes on the walls. In 1812, after the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812), is the occupation of Basarabia, Russian Empire during this period (1812-1917), there is an intense russification of the native population. In 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Bessarabia united with Romania in this period (1918-1940, 1941-1944), the district is part of the Tighina County. In 1940 after Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty, Basarabia is occupied by the USSR. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of Independence of Moldova, part and residence of the Tighina County (1991-2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.

Geography

Causeni district is located in the southern part of Moldova. Neighborhood has the following districts: Ialoveni and Anenii Noi in the north, east Slobozia District, Ştefan Vodă District in south-east, border state in southern with Ukraine, Cimişlia District in west. Relief is both flat, poorly fragmented, with maximum altitudes of 220-230 m. The minimum altitude 20-30 m in the Lower Nistru plain. Erosion processes with a low intensity.

Climate

Temperate continental climate with an annual average district temperature +10.5+11 c. July average temperature +22+23 C, of January -4 C. Annual precipitation 450-550 mm. Average wind speed 2-5 m \ s.

Fauna

Typical European fauna, with the presence of such mammals such as foxes, hedgehogs, deer, wild boar, polecat, wild cat, ermine and others. Of birds: partridges, crows, eagles, starling, swallow and more.

Flora

Forests of the district are complemented by tree species such as oak, ash, hornbeam, linden, maple, walnut and others. From plants: wormwood, denial, knotweed, fescue, nettle and many others.

Rivers

Causeni district is located in the Nistru river basin, its main tributary of the district territory is Botna river (152 km). Most lakes are artificial origin.

Administrative subdivisions

• Localities: 48
  • Administrative center: Căuşeni
    • Cities: Căinari, Căuşeni
      • Villages: 18
        • Communes: 28

Demographics

1 January 2011 the district population was 92,300 of which 26.9% urban and 73.1% rural population

• Births (2010): 1088 (11.8 per 1000)
• Deaths (2010): 1199 (13.0 per 1000)
• Growth rate (2010): -111 (-1.2 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

Religion

• Christians - 98.5%
  • Orthodox Christians - 97.1%
  • Protestant - 1.4%
    • Baptists - 0.7%
    • Pentecostal - 0.5%
    • Seventh-day Adventists - 0.1%
    • Evangelicals - 0.1%
• Other 0.9%
• No Religion 0.6%

Economy

Main branches of the district are agriculture and manufacturing. District economy is currently 15 721 registered companies. Manufacturing and agriculture are the dominant industries in the district economy, which decisively depend on revenues and ensuring socio-economic progress. The structure of the major industry of the district share is manufacturing (wine-making, processing of milk, bakery products), industry based on local raw material. Agricultural land is 93,700 ha (80.5%) of total land area. Arable land occupies 70 600 ha (60.7%) of the total agricultural land: planting of orchards - 4.300 ha (3.7%), vineyards - 5.200 ha (4.5%).

Education

The district operates 69 educational institutions, including institutions of secondary education - 37 (14,960 students), kindergartens - 31 (3014 children), a creative center for children.

Politics

Causeni district granted priority mainly right-wing parties. In Moldova represented by the AEI. PCRM is a continuous fall in percentage the last three elections.

During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 80.2%

Elections

Culture

The district works: 37 houses of culture, folk bands with Title 31 model, 74 amateur artistic groups with a total of 1200 participants. School of Arts in Căuşeni city, school of Music in Căinari, school of Music in Copanca, museum of history and ethnography of Căuşeni, House-Museum "Alexei Mateevici" in Zaim, House-Museum "Alexei Mateevici" from Cainari, Museum of history and ethnography of the village Copanca, public Libraries 45, including 9 branches for children].

Health

In district works: a hospital with 292 beds general fund, 19 MFI, 13 health centers, five health points, 13 clinical-diagnostic laboratories.

Tourism

• Nativity Church, Căuşeni
• Trajan's Wall in villages Copanca and Chircăieşti

Referncies

• Căuşeni District Council
• District population per year
• Discuție:Raionul Căușeni
• Rezultatele alegerilor din 28 noiembrie 2010 în raionul Căuşeni